By J. A. Howell (auth.), J. A. Howell, V. Sanchez, R. W. Field (eds.)

1. A. HOWELL institution ofChemical Engineering, college ofBath, Claverton Down, bathtub, united kingdom, BA2 7AY 1.1 what's A MEMBRANE method? each day over 20 million litres of brackish water are pumped out of the floor close to Jeddah in Saudi Arabia and gone through skinny sheets of cellulose acetate often called opposite osmosis membranes earlier than getting used as a part of the city's water offer. In St Maurice les Chateauneuf, France 3 million litres an afternoon of floor water are ultrafiltered to provide town and on try out websites in Australia settled sewage is being disinfected by way of being undergone microfiltration membranes. the various meals we consume and drinks we drink have used membranes in the course of their processing. Orange juice will be targeted by way of membranes to make a focus which keeps extra of the flavor than does evaporation. Milk will be focused a little through a membrane sooner than creating a cheese in a approach which produces no whey. Gases emerging from the floor in a waste tip could be piped away and the carbon dioxide separated from the methane by way of a membrane strategy permitting the methane then for use as a gas, concurrently saving power and lowering the greenhouse influence for the reason that methane is more beneficial as a greenhouse gasoline than carbon dioxide.